Indigenous health refers to the physical, cultural, social and emotional wellbeing of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander people (Indigenous Australian). Many Indigenous Australians experience poorer health than other Australians, often dying at much younger ages.

The experience of colonisation, and the long-term effects of being colonised, has caused inequalities in Indigenous health status. For example, in 2012 the gap in life expectancy between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians and non-Indigenous Australians was 10 years.

Indigenous peoples were often excluded and marginalised from mainstream health services. Part of the solution has been to establish Indigenous Community Controlled Health Services, managed by Indigenous peoples.

This systematic scoping review was sought to address this gap by identifying and understanding the characteristics of Indigenous (values, beliefs, experiences, principles, and components).